Expressing dislikes 2A — Cultural note


ជនជាតិជប៉ុនតែងតែនិយាយពាក្យថា សុំទោស ជាញឹកញាប់ប៉ុន្តែ ជនជាតិខ្មែរមិនចូលចិត្តនិយាយថា សុំទោស នោះទេ ជាពិសេសពេលត្រូវនិយាយទៅកាន់អ្នកដែលក្មេងជាងឋានៈតូចជាងនេះជាទម្លាប់អាក្រក់មួយរបស់ជនជាតិខ្មែរ

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KhmerPronunciationEnglish/Notes
ជនជាតិ cɔɔn ciet 1. citizen, people {ជនជាតិខ្មែរ = Khmer people}
2. nationality
ជប៉ុន ceaʔpon 1. Japan
2. Japanese
តែងតែ taeŋ tae usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually
និយាយ niʔyiey to speak, say, talk, relate, tell, to narrate, to talk over, discuss
ពាក្យ piek word, term, expression, phrase
ថា tʰaa 1. to say, tell, pronounce
2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse)
3. I've [just] said, [...]
សុំទោស som tooh 1. excuse me, pardon me
2. I'm sorry
ជា cie 1. to be (equal to), to be as
2. to be well, in good health, recovered
3. to be effective (of medicines)
ញឹកញាប់ ɲɨk ɲoap 1. repeatedly, many times
2. often, frequently, on many occasions
ប៉ុន្តែ pontae but, however
Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ
ខ្មែរ kmae Khmer, Cambodian
មិន mɨn negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ)
ចូលចិត្ត coul cət to like, to prefer
Notes: ជើង ត
នោះ nuh 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space)
2. then
ទេ tee 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc.
2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ
3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!}
ជាពិសេស cie piʔseeh especially
ពេល peel 1. time
2. moment, instant, period of time
ត្រូវ trəv 1. must, have to
2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate
3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with
4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction)
ទៅកាន់ tɨv kan to, toward
អ្នក neak 1. you (to equals of both sexes)
2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives)
ដែល dael 1. who, whom, which, where, when
2. of/to/in/at which/whom
3. the fact/reason that
4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!}
ក្មេង kmeeŋ 1. child, young person
2. young
ជាង cieŋ 1. (more) ... than, in excess of, exceeding, to a greater extent than
2. marks the comparative degree of an adjective {ល្អជាង = better}
3. craftsman, artisan, skilled worker, smith {ជាងថត = camera man}
rɨɨ 1. or
2. phrase-final interrogative particle {មិនមែនឬ = Isn't it true?}
ឋានៈ tʰaanaʔ 1. grade, level, position, standing, status
2. duty
3. reason, motive, cause
តូច touc, tuuc 1. small, little, tiny
2. minor
នេះ nih 1. this, these
2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space
ទម្លាប់ tumloap 1. habit, custom
2. to make a habit of, to be accustomed to
អាក្រក់ ʔaakrɑk 1. to be bad, mean
2. unattractive, ugly
មួយ muəy 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one}
2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!}
របស់ rɔbɑh 1. object, thing, belonging, property
2. of, belonging to