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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| មកដល់ | mɔɔk dɑl | to arrive at, come to |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| រថភ្លើង | rʊət pləəŋ | train |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| បុរស | boʔrɑh | man, male person |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| មកកាន់ | mɔɔk kan | to, toward (in the direction of the speaker) |
| ស្ថានីយ | stʰaanii | 1. station 2. place of rest, parking place |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| កន្លែង | kɑnlaeŋ | 1. place, location, region 2. clf. for locations |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| មុននឹង | mun nɨŋ | before (doing something) |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ជិះ | cih | to ride (in or on a car, horse, boat, plane, train) |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| ទិញ | tɨɲ | to buy |
| សំបុត្រ | sɑmbot | 1. ticket 2. letter, message, note 3. envelope in which money is put as a wedding gift Notes: also written សំបុដ |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ចុះ | coh | 1. to move downwards, descend, go down, get down, dismount 2. get off/out of 3. to go downstream 4. (of rain) to fall 5. (of fog/mist) to appear 6. to flow, run 7. to decrease, diminish 8. to lower a price, to give a discount 9. to submit, give up, comply 10. down (adverbial denoting movement downwards physically, in status or class, or in price) 11. downstream 12. to register, sign 13. to make an entry, record 14. to formalize 15. to conduct, carry out (e.g., an investigation) 16. to relax 17. to release 18. to be dated (with a calendrical date) 19. to work something out 20. to have diarrhea |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| កាត់ | kat | 1. to cut, slice, slit 2. to divide, detach 3. to penetrate, pass through, cut through/across, take a short cut 4. to interrupt 5. to solve, untangle 6. to settle (a matter) 7. to decide (a legal case) 8. to ignite, catch/start (of a fire) 9. to be hybrid, of mixed blood or ethnic origin 10. across, through 11. briefly 12. to set, to fix, to judge |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ខាងក្រៅ | kʰaaŋ krav | 1. outside, outside of 2. on/from the outside |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| នីមួយៗ | niimuəy niimuəy | each, each one, every one, various, all |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| នូវ | nɨv | 1. marker of the direct object, especially in written, literary language 2. with, and, and also, along with, by means of |
| ជណ្ដើរ | cʊəndaə | ladder, stairs, staircase Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ខាងក្រោម | kʰaaŋ kraom | 1. below, underneath 2. at the bottom of 3. downstairs 4. southern |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| ខាងលើ | kʰaaŋ lǝǝ | above, on, on top, upstairs |
| ទៅតាម | tɨv taam | 1. by, according to, through {គេគិតតម្លៃទៅតាមគីឡូ = they’re charging by the kilo} 2. to pursue, go after, go along with 3. to send for 4. to retrieve |
| ផ្លូវ | pləv | 1. road, street, route 2. way, style, cause, matter |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| តើ | taə | 1. indicating an indirect question, it may often be translated as 'if' or 'whether' 2. phrase-final: used for emphasis |
| ទាប | tiep | low (of height or class) |
| ឬនៅ | rɨɨ nɨv | phrase-final interrogative particle: yet |
| ខ្ពស់ | kpʊəh | high, tall |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| អាកាស | ʔaakaah | 1. air, atmosphere, sky 2. open air, open space, outer space 3. fresh air, breeze |
| រត់ | rʊət | 1. to run (away), flee, escape 2. to run/function well 3. to coincide 4. to work out 5. to work as a runner/motorcycle taxi/rickshaw driver 6. to be fast 7. to be fluent |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| វិញ | vɨɲ | again, back, instead |
| ជណ្ដើរយន្ត | cʊəndaə yʊən | escalator Notes: ជើង ដ ត |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| មនុស្ស | mɔnuh, meaʔnuh | human being, person |
| ចំនួន | cɑmnuən | amount, number, quantity |
| ប្រាំ | pram | five |
| នាក់ | neak | clf. for people |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ខាងមុខ | kʰaaŋ muk | 1. front, in front (of), ahead 2. forward, facing forward 3. in the future, coming |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| ខាង | kʰaaŋ | 1. side, part 2. direction 3. pertaining to, with regard to |
| ជាប់នឹង | coap nɨŋ | 1. next to, adjacent to, near 2. to stick/attach to |
| ឈរ | cʰɔɔ | to stand (up) |
| ចុច | coc | 1. to press (with the fingertip or the tip of a stick, as a button) 2. to poke 3. to point 4. to indicate, pick out, select 5. [colloquial] to dip |
| ទូរស័ព្ទ | tuureaʔsap | 1. telephone 2. to call (by phone) Notes: also written ទូរសព្ទ |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ខាងក្រោយ | kʰaaŋ kraoy | behind, in the back |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |
| ដៃ | day | 1. arm, hand 2. handle, lever, crank 3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot 4. tendril 5. trunk (of an elephant) 6. sleeve 7. steering wheel 8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass 9. clf. for slaps 10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk 11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts |
| ទាំង | teaŋ | 1. all, both {ទាំងពីរ = both} {ទាំង ... ទាំង ... = both ... and ...} 2. entirely, completely 3. adverb marker equivalent to ដោយ |
| កាន់ | kan | 1. to hold, carry in the hand, grasp, hang on to 2. to control, be in charge of, be responsible for 3. to withstand, support, sustain, bear 4. to hold to, believe in, keep/observe (e.g., a religion) {កាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធ = to believe in Buddhism} 5. (of a spirit) to possess |
| កាបូប | kaaboup | 1. bag 2. purse, wallet |
| កណ្ដាល | kɑndaal | 1. center, middle 2. mean, medium 3. to be medium, average, intermediate 4. central 5. between, in the middle of Notes: ជើង ដ |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | with, by (means of), (attached) to |
| បង្កាន់ដៃ | bɑŋkan day | handrail |
| ម្ខាងទៀត | mkʰaaŋ tiət | the other side, the other one (of a pair) |
| ជ្រែងហោប៉ៅ | crɛɛŋ hao pav | to have the hands in the pockets |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| ហោប៉ៅ | hao pav | |
| បណ្ដើរ | bɑndaə | 1. to accompany, escort (by walking), conduct, take for a walk 2. (bicycle, motorbike) to push 3. to go together, go out with 4. to be simultaneous with 5. to keep on doing, continue 6. a little at a time, gradually 7. simultaneously, at the same time 8. while Notes: ជើង ដ |
| សម្លឹង | samlǝŋ | to gaze, to stare Notes: root: ស្លឹង; also written សំឡឹង |
| មើល | məəl | 1. to look at, to watch, to watch for, to observe 2. to read (to oneself), to review (a lesson) 3. to examine, survey, inspect 4. to observe 5. to treat (medically) 6. to care for, take care of 7. to consider, regard 8. particle: come on, give it a try 9. let me see! 10. phrase-final: softens a command or request {ជួយបង្ហាញតិចមើល = Please show me!} |
| ឆ្វេង | cveeŋ | left, to the left, on the left |
| ស្ដាំ | sdam | right, to the right, on the right Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ពេលខ្លះ | peel klah | sometimes |
| ចាប់អារម្មណ៍ | cap ʔaarɑm | to be interested in, to be impressed by {គួរឲ្យចាប់អារម្មណ៍ = interesting} |
| ទិដ្ឋភាព | tittʰaʔpʰiep | 1. aspect 2. appearance, landscape, view, condition, bearing, point of view |
| ប្លែក | plaek | 1. to be different, odd, strange 2. amazing 3. new, interesting |
| ជាច្រើន | cie craən | many, a lot, in abundance |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| ចាំបាច់ | cam bac | 1. necessary, essential, indispendable 2. to need to |
| ជាន់ | coan | 1. floor, story, level, stage, class, status 2. to step on, trample on, walk on 3. of events: to overlap 4. to dominate, to control, administer, be in charge of 5. to pound (grain in a mortar using a foot-powered pestle) 6. to strike repeatedly 7. (of animals) to mount/mate with 8. surrounding wall, fortification 9. period of time 10. (especially of an evil spirit or bad influence) to possess, take possession of |
| កាំជណ្ដើរ | kam cʊəndaə | rung (of a ladder), stair steps Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| គ្រាន់តែ | kroan tae | just, only, only just |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| នាំ | noam | 1. to bring, lead, take to, guide, take along 2. to cause, bring about/produce (a result) |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ចំណាយ | cɑmnaay | 1. expenditure, expenses, spending 2. to spend |
| កម្លាំង | kɑmlaŋ | force, power, strength, energy, vigor, authority, influence Notes: root: ខ្លាំង; also written កំឡាំង |
| លក្ខណៈ | leakkʰaʔnaʔ | 1. attribute, (physical) characteristic, distinctive feature 2. character, nature, quality 3. appearance, shape, form 4. condition, criterion, qualification 5. meaning 6. section (of a law text) |
| ទំនើប | tumnəəp | modern, up-to-date, recent Notes: root: ទើប |
| តែ | tae | 1. but, however 2. only, just 3. tea |
| ផ្សារទំនើប | psaa tumnəəp | supermarket, mall |
| តែប៉ុណ្ណោះ | tae ponnɑh | only, only that much |
| ទើប | təəp | 1. then, only then, next 2. so, consequently {យប់មិញជួបមិត្តចាស់ទើបខ្ញុំញ៉ាំស្រា = yesterday, I met old friends, so I had drinks [with them]} 3. just {ទើបមកដល់ម្សិលមិញ = [they’ve] just arrived yesterday} |
| ប្រទេស | prɑteeh | country, nation |
| កម្ពុជា | kampuʔcie | Cambodia |
| ពុំទាន់ | pum toan | not yet |
| បែប | baep | kind, sort, model, type, style, form, shape, method, way |
| ក្រុមហ៊ុន | kromhun | company, corporation |
| ផ្សេង | pseeŋ | to differ, to be different (from each other), to be separate |
| ជានិច្ច | cie nɨc | always |
| ស្ថាប័ន | stʰaaban | institution, establishment |
| កន្លែងធ្វើការ | kɑnlaeŋ tvəə kaa | office, workplace |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |